Contents:

1. Vaccines in clinical trials
   1. Vaccines in Phase III clinical trial
   2. Vaccines in Phase II clinical trial
   3. Vaccines in Phase I clinical trial
2. Vaccines in preclinical research
   1. DNA vaccines
   2. Inactivated vaccines
   3. Recombinant vector vaccines
   4. RNA vaccines
   5. Subunit vaccines
3. Vaccine safety
   1. Safety issues found in clinical trials
   2. Safety issues found in lab animals
4. References
   1. Websites
   2. Journal articles
   3. Announcements

I. Vaccines in clinical trials

1. Vaccines in Phase III clinical trial
   1. Ad26COVS1 vaccine
   • Other names: JNJ-78436735
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: NCT04505722 (protocol) – PAUSED (see Vaccine Safety below for details)
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies
   • Publications:
     • Mercado et al. Single-shot Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 in rhesus macaques. Nature. 2020; ; . [PubMed: 32731257].
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   2. Ad5-nCoV vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: NCT04526990
   • Phase III: NCT04540419
   • Phase II: NCT04341389 (protocol)
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: CanSino Biologics
   • Publications:
     • Zhu et al. Immunogenicity and safety of a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored COVID-19 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18 years or older: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2020; 396(10249); 479-488. [PubMed: 32702299].
     • Zhu et al. Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine: a dose-escalation, open-label, non-randomised, first-in-human trial. Lancet. 2020; 395(10240); 1845-1854. [PubMed: 32450106].
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   3. BNT162b1 vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase II/III: NCT04368728 (protocol)
   • Type: mRNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: BioNTech; Pfizer
   • Publications:
     • Sahin et al. COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b1 elicits human antibody and T_H1 T-cell responses. Nature. 2020; ; . [PubMed: 32998157].
     • Mulligan et al. Phase 1/2 study of COVID-19 RNA vaccine BNT162b1 in adults. Nature. 2020; ; . [PubMed: 32785213].
   4. ChAdOx1 nCoV19 vaccine
   • Other names: AZD1222
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: NCT04516746 (protocol) – PAUSED (see Vaccine Safety below for details)
   • Phase III: NCT04540393
   • Phase III: NCT04536051
   • Phase III: ISRCTN89951424
   • Phase III: CTRI/2020/08/027170
   • Phase I/II: 2020-001072-15 (protocol)
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: AstraZeneca
   • Publications:
     • Folegatti et al. Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2020; 396(10249); 467-478. [PubMed: 32702298].
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   5. COVID-19 inactivated virus vaccine by Beijing Institute of Biological Products
   • Other names: BBIBP-CorV vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: NCT04560881
   • Phase III: ChiCTR2000034780
   • Type: Inactivated or “killed” vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Beijing Institute of Biological Products; Sinopharm
   • Publications:
     • Wang et al. Development of an Inactivated Vaccine Candidate, BBIBP-CorV, with Potent Protection against SARS-CoV-2. Cell. 2020;182(3); 713-721. [PubMed: 32778225].
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   6. COVID-19 inactivated virus vaccine by Wuhan Institute of Biological Products
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: ChiCTR2000034780
   • Phase III: ChiCTR2000039000
   • Phase I/II: ChiCTR2000031809 (protocol)
   • Type: Inactivated or “killed” vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Wuhan Institute of Biological Products; Sinopharm
   • Publications:
   • Xia et al. Effect of an Inactivated Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 on Safety and Immunogenicity Outcomes: Interim Analysis of 2 Randomized Clinical Trials. JAMA. 2020; 324(10); 1–10. [PubMed: 32789505].
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   7. Gam-COVID-Vac
   • Other names: Sputnik V
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: NCT04530396
   • Phase III: NCT04564716
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Gamaleya Research Institute
   • Publications:
   • Logunov et al. Safety and immunogenicity of an rAd26 and rAd5 vector-based heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine in two formulations: two open, non-randomised phase 1/2 studies from Russia. Lancet. 2020; 396(10255); 887-897. [PubMed: 32896291].
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   8. mRNA-1273 vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: NCT04470427 (protocol)
   • Type: mRNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Moderna
   • Publications:
   • Anderson et al. Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Older Adults. N Engl J Med. 2020; ; . [PubMed: 32991794].
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   9. NVX-CoV2373 vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: 2020-004123-16 (protocol)
   • Phase III: NCT04583995
   • Type: Nanoparticle vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Novavax
   • Publications:
   • Keech et al. Phase 1-2 Trial of a SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Spike Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2020; ; . [PubMed: 32877576].
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   10. PiCoVacc vaccine
   • Other names: CoronaVac
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase III: NCT04456595
   • Phase III: 669/UN6.KEP/EC/2020
   • Phase III: NCT04582344
   • Type: Inactivated or “killed” vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Sinovac
   • Publications:
   • Gao et al. Rapid development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2020; 369(6499); 77-81. [PubMed: 32376603].
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2. Vaccines in Phase II clinical trial
   1. AG0301-COVID19
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04463472
   • Phase I/II: NCT04527081
   • Type: DNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: AnGes, Inc.
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   2. ARCT-021 vaccine
   • Other names: LUNAR-COV19
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04480957
   • Type: RNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Arcturus Therapeutics; Duke-NUS Medical School
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   3. BBV152
   • Other names: Covaxin
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04471519
   • Phase I/II: CTRI/2020/09/027674
   • Type: Inactivated or “killed” vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Bharat Biotech; National Institute of Virology
   4. COVID-19 inactivated virus by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
   • Other names: Covaxin
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04470609
   • Type: Inactivated or “killed” vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
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   5. COVID-19 protein subunit vaccine by Sanofi and GSK
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04537208
   • Type: Subunit vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Sanofi Pasteur; GSK
   6. CVnCoV
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase II: NCT04515147
   • Type: RNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Curevac
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   7. EpiVacCorona vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04527575
   • Type: Peptide vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology
   8. GX19
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04445389
   • Type: DNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Genexine
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   9. INO-4800 vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04447781
   • Phase I: NCT04336410
   • Type: DNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Inovio Pharmaceuticals
   10. KBP-COVID-19
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: NCT04473690
   • Type: Subunit vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Kentucky BioProcessing
   11. QazCovid-in
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase II: NCT04530357
   • Type: Inactivated or "killed" vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems; National Scientific Center for Phthisiopulmonology of the Republic of Kazakhstan
   12. RBD-CuMVTT vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase II: NCT04466085
   • Type: Virus Like Particle
   • Manufacturer: Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical; Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
   • Publications:
   • Dai et al. A Universal Design of Betacoronavirus Vaccines against COVID-19, MERS, and SARS. Cell. 2020; 182(3); 722-733. [PubMed: 32645327].
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   13. RBD-HBsAg VLP vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: ACTRN12620000817943
   • Type: Virus Like Particle
   • Manufacturer: Serum Institute of India
   14. ZyCoV-D vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I/II: CTRI/2020/07/026352
   • Type: DNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Zydus Cadila
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3. Vaccines in Phase I clinical trial
   1. ARCoV
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: ChiCTR2000034112
   • Type: mRNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Academy of Military Sciences, Walvax Biotech.
   • Publications:
   • Zhang et al. A Thermostable mRNA Vaccine against COVID-19. Cell. 2020; 182(5); 1271-1283. [PubMed: 32795413].
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   2. ChulaCov19
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04566276
   • Type: mRNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Chulalongkorn University
   3. COVAC1 vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: ISRCTN17072692
   • Type: RNA vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Imperial College London; Morningside Ventures
   • Publications:
   • McKay et al. Self-amplifying RNA SARS-CoV-2 lipid nanoparticle vaccine candidate induces high neutralizing antibody titers in mice. Nat Commun. 2020; 11(1); 3523. [PubMed: 32647131].
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   4. COVID-19 plant-derived VLP by Medicago
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04450004
   • Type: Virus-like particle
   • Manufacturer: Medicago
   5. DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT1
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: ChiCTR2000037782
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy; Xiamen University
   6. GRAd-CoV2
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04528641
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: ReiThera
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   7. MVA-SARS-2-S
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04569383
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf; Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich
   8. MVC-COV1901
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04487210
   • Type: Subunit vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Medigen; Dynavax
   9. Recombinant spike protein with Advax™ adjuvant
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04453852
   • Type: Subunit vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Vaxine
   10. Soberana 01
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: IFV/COR/04
   • Type: Subunit vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Instituto Finlay de Vacunas, Cuba
   11. SCB-2019
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04405908
   • Type: Subunit vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Clover Biopharmaceuticals; GSK; Dynavax
   12. TMV-083
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04497298
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Merck; Themis Bioscience; Institut Pasteur
   13. UB-612 vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04545749
   • Type: Subunit vaccine
   • Manufacturer: COVAXX
   14. UQ-1-SARS-CoV-2-Sclamp
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: ACTRN12620000674932
   • Phase I: NCT04495933
   • Phase I: ISRCTN51232965
   • Type: Subunit vaccine
   • Manufacturer: University of Queensland; CSL
   15. V590 vaccine
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04569786
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Merck
   16. VXA-CoV2-1
   • Clinical trial ID:
   • Phase I: NCT04563702
   • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
   • Manufacturer: Vaxart

II. Vaccines in Preclinical Research

1. DNA vaccines
   1. DIOS-CoVax2
   • Manufacturer: DIOSynVax Ltd; University of Cambridge

2. Inactivated vaccines

3. Recombinant vector vaccines
   1. AdCOVID
   • Manufacturer: Altimmune; University of Alabama in Birmingham

4. RNA vaccines
   1. BANCOVID
   • Manufacturer: Globe Biotech Ltd.
   2. MRT5500
   • Manufacturer: Sanofi; Translate Bio

5. Subunit vaccines
   1. DPX-COVID-19
   • Manufacturer: IMV Inc.
   2. PittCoVacc
   • Manufacturer: University of Pittsburgh
   • Publications:
   • Kim et al. Microneedle array delivered recombinant coronavirus vaccines: Immunogenicity and rapid translational development. EBioMedicine. 2020; 55; 102743. [PubMed: 32249203].

III. Vaccine Safety

1. Vaccine safety issues found in clinical trials:
   • 10/12/2020: Johnson & Johnson pauses Phase III trial of Ad26COVS1 vaccine
   • 10/2/2020: Phase III trial of AZD1222 vaccine in Japan resumes after pause, following restart of trials in the UK, Brazil, South Africa, and India
   • 9/28/2020: Phase II/III trial of INO-4800 vaccine placed on partial clinical hold due to FDA concerns
   • 9/15/2020: Phase III trial of AZD1222 vaccine in Brazil and South Africa resumes after pause
   • 9/12/2020: Phase III trial of AZD1222 vaccine in the UK resumes after pause
   • 9/9/2020: Clinical trials of AZD1222 vaccine placed on hold in the UK, USA, Brazil, and South Africa due to “adverse event” in a clinical trial subject

2. Vaccine safety issues found in research:

IV. References

1. Websites
   1. WHO Draft Landscape of COVID-19 Candidate Vaccines
   2. COVID-19 vaccine tracker by RAPS
   3. COVID-19 vaccine tracker by BioRender
   4. CDC: Ensuring the Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in the United States

2. Journal Articles
   From He lab:
   1. Ong E, Wong M, Huffman A, He Y. COVID-19 coronavirus vaccine design using reverse vaccinology and machine learning. Frontiers in Immunology. 11:1581. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01581. (Published: 03 July 2020.) PMID: 32719684. PMCID: PMC7350702.
   2. He Y, Yu H, Ong E, Wang Y, Liu Y, Huffman A, Huang H, Beverley J, Hur J, Yang X, Chen L, Omenn GS, Athey B, Smith B. CIDO, a community-based ontology for coronavirus disease knowledge and data integration, sharing, and analysis. Scientific Data. (2020) 7:181. doi: 10.1038/s41597-020-0523-6. (Published: 12 June 2020) PMID: 32533075. PMCID: PMC7293349.
   3. Edison Ong, Xiaoqiang Huang, Robin Pearce, Yang Zhang, Yongqun He. Rational Design of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoproteins To Increase Immunogenicity By T Cell
   4. Epitope Engineering. bioRxiv. Posted on August 14, 2020. URL: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.08.14.251496v1.
   5. Huffman A, Austin L, Wong MU, Ong E, He Y. Coronavirus vaccine collection, annotation, and ontology representation analysis. 6-page full length proceeding paper, accepted and orally represented by Mr. Anthony Huffman (Dr. He’s graduate student in Bioinformatics) in VDOS-2020, Zoom virtual meeting, September 19, 2020.

3. Announcements
   1. FDA:
   • Emergency Use Authorization for Vaccines to Prevent COVID-19
   • Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee October 22, 2020 Meeting Announcement
   • Briefing document
   • Development and Licensure of Vaccines to Prevent COVID-19: Guidance for Industry