• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004041
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• gB gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant vector construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: Replication-incompetent adenovirus (Han et al., 2008).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004040
• Type: Subunit vaccine
• Status: Research
• GI gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant protein preparation
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004039
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• IE180 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pcDNA3.1 (Chang et al., 1998)
• Immunization Route: Gene Gun

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004770
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
• Preparation: Based on the attenuated ORFV strain D1701-V, recombinants were produced that express the glycoproteins gC (D1701-VrVgC) or gD (D1701-VrVgD) of the alphaherpesvirus of swine, pseudorabies virus (PRV) (Fischer et al., 2003).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

Mouse Response

• Host Strain: C57BL/6
• Vaccination Protocol: Groups of female mice were immunized with replication-incompetent adenoviruses expressing PrV glycoprotein (rAd-gB) by either the intranasal (i.n.) or intramuscular (i.m.) route. For i.m. administration, recombinant adenoviruses (10^6 pfu/mouse) were injected into the anterior tibialis muscle three times at weekly intervals (0, 7, and 14 days). The i.n. immunizations were also performed three times at weekly intervals (0, 7, and 14 days) by depositing 10^6 pfu of recombinant adenovirus onto the nares of deeply anesthetized mice. Control mice were immunized with replication-incompetent adenovirus expressing the LacZ gene (rAd-LacZ) (Han et al., 2008).
• Challenge Protocol: The immunized mice were infected i.n. with the virulent PrV YS strain (10 LD50) two weeks after the final immunization. The challenged mice were examined daily to quantify the number of dead animals. Mice generally began to exhibit clinical signs of illness 3 to 4 days post-challenge (Han et al., 2008).
• Efficacy: Recombinant adenovirus expressing gB (rAd-gB) was found to induce effective protective immunity against a virulent viral infection, regardless of whether it was administered via the muscular or systemic route (Han et al., 2008).
• Host Ifng (Interferon gamma) response
  • Description: In splenocytes and popliteal lymph node cells, IFN-gamma was induced to a significantly higher level in immunized animals as compared to replication-incompetent adenovirus expressing LacZ (rAd-LacZ) vaccinated mice. These elevated levels were detected 2 weeks after the final immunization
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Host Il2 response
  • Description: In splenocytes and popliteal lymph node cells, IL-2 was induced to a significantly higher level in immunized animals as compared to replication-incompetent adenovirus expressing LacZ (rAd-LacZ) vaccinated mice. These elevated levels were detected 2 weeks after the final immunization (Han et al., 2008).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Host Il4 (interleukin 4) response
  • Description: In splenocytes and popliteal lymph node cells, IL-4 was induced to a significantly higher level in immunized animals as compared to replication-incompetent adenovirus expressing LacZ (rAd-LacZ) vaccinated mice. These elevated levels were detected 2 weeks after the final immunization (Han et al., 2008).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.

Mouse Response

• Host Strain: C57BL/10
• Vaccination Protocol: For active immunization mice were injected i.m. (hind leg) with different concentrations of emulsified purified (by electroelution) fusion protein (Fuchs et al., 1990).
• Challenge Protocol: Twenty-four h later the animals were infected intramuscularly (i.m.) into a hind leg using 0-1 ml of a lethal dose ( > 100 LD50) of strain Phylaxia, and the mice were observed for at least 10 days (Fuchs et al., 1990).
• Efficacy: Vaccination of mice with fusion proteins containing the N terminus of gI from Suid herpesvirus 1 are able to confer protection to mice against a lethal challenge of PRV (Fuchs et al., 1990).

Mouse Response

• Host Strain: BALB/c, C3H/HeJ, and C57BL/6
• Vaccination Protocol: Two shots of DNA/mouse (1 /Ag/shot) were delivered with helium at 200 psi via the Helios Gene Gun to the shaven abdominal skin of 10 male mice of each strain, BALB/c, C57BL/6, C3H/HeJ. The mice received a booster once 14 days later with the same dose of DNA. In some experiments, pregnant mice of each strain were vaccinated immediately before mating and a booster was given 2 weeks later (Chang et al., 1998).
• Challenge Protocol: Six months after second vaccination, groups of pcDNAIE180 immunized mice were challenged intraperitoneally with a precalibrated mouse acute lethal dose of wild-type PrV-Ka TK+ (15 plaque-forming units (PFU)/g of body weight). The challenged mice were observed three times daily for clinical signs, and percent survival was assessed within 4 to 5 days postchallenge (Chang et al., 1998).
• Efficacy: Seven months after immunization with pcDNAIE180, an overall 25% of BALB/c, C3H/HeJ, and C57BL/6 mice receiving a lethal PrV challenge were protected (Chang et al., 1998).

Mouse Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Mice were injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with 107 TCID50s of the ORFV recombinants expressing the PRV glycoproteins in a total volume of 0.2 ml (0.1 ml for each hind leg). Immunization was repeated at 2-week intervals (Fischer et al., 2003).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Challenge Protocol: Mice were challenge infected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 10^2 PFU of the highly virulent PRV strain NIA-3, and the C57BL/6 and 129/Sv/Ev mice were infected with 10^3 PFU
• Efficacy: Single or combined immunization with the ORFV recombinants protected different mouse strains of a host species nonpermissive for ORFV against a fulminant, lethal PRV challenge infection equal to immunization with PRV live vaccine. Most notably, even a single immunization with D1701-VrVgC was protective, whereas two applications of D1701-VrVgD were required for immune protection (Fischer et al., 2003).