• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0011454
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• NS1 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pcDNA3 (Wu et al., 2003)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0011457
• Type: Subunit vaccine
• Status: Research
• E protein from Dengue Virus 2 gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant protein preparation
  • Description: Baculovirus was used to generate the recombinant protein (Delenda et al., 1994).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Adjuvant:
  • VO ID: VO_0000139
• Adjuvant:
  • VO ID: VO_0000142
• Vector: Baculovirus (Delenda et al., 1994)
• Immunization Route: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0011455
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• M protein gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant vector construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: Vaccinia virus (Bray and Lai, 1991).
• Immunization Route: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0011452
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• prM from Dengue virus 4 gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant vector construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: Vaccinia virus (Bray and Lai, 1991).
• Immunization Route: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004473
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse
• Antigen: E, prM, and LAMP from dengue virus 2 New Guinea C (Raviprakash et al., 2001)
• prM from Dengue virus 2 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• E protein from Dengue Virus 2 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pVR1040(Vical Inc.) (Raviprakash et al., 2001)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004549
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• Antigen: NS1 from dengue virus 2 strain NGC (Costa et al., 2006)
• NS1 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pcTPANS1 (Costa et al., 2006)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004547
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• Antigen: prM and E proteins from dengue virus 4 strain H241 (Lima et al., 2011)
• prM from Dengue virus 4 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• E from Dengue virus 4 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: DENV-4-DNAv (Lima et al., 2011)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004474
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse
• E protein from Dengue Virus 2 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• prM from Dengue virus 2 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pVR1012 (Vical Inc, San Diego, CA) (Porter et al., 1998)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004472
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse
• NS1 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Description: Vector pcDNA3 expressed the secretory signal sequence derived from human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) fused to the full length of the DENV-2 NS1 gene (Costa et al., 2006).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pcDNA3 (Costa et al., 2006)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004471
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse
• E protein from Dengue Virus 2 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Description: Vector pcTPA plasmid , a modified pcDNA3 vector (Invitrogen) expressed amino acids 1–398 of the E protein (Azevedo et al., 2011).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pcTPA plasmid , a modified pcDNA3 vector (Invitrogen) (Azevedo et al., 2011)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

Mouse Response

• Host Strain: C57/BL6, Balb/c, and C3H
• Vaccination Protocol: Groups of 3–4 weeks old female C3H mice were initially immunized with 80 μg of recombinant DNA pD2NS1, or pcDNA3 as a control. Recombinant pD2NS1 in PBS, control pcDNA3 in PBS, or PBS buffer alone was intramuscularly (i.m.) injected into the mouse thighs; the mice were subsequently boosted twice using the same method at 1 week interval (Wu et al., 2003).
• Challenge Protocol: One week after the final boost, mice were i.v. challenged with 5×10^6 plaque-forming units of PL046 in 100 μl PBS. The mice after virus challenge were monitored daily for morbidity and mortality for weeks (Wu et al., 2003).
• Efficacy: Intravenously challenged by lethal DEN-2, mice vaccinated with NS1-DNA exhibited a delay onset of paralysis, a marked decrease of morbidity, and a significant enhancement of survival (Wu et al., 2003).

Mouse Response

• Host Strain: BALB/c
• Vaccination Protocol: Three-week-old female BALB/c mice were immunized by intraperitoneal injection on days 1,7, 21 and 56 with 200 gl of baculovirus infected Sf9 cell lysates (CL) or concentrated supernatant fluids (SF) supplemented with complete Freund adjuvant for the first and with incomplete Freund adjuvant for the three other injections.
• Challenge Protocol: Mice were challenged withDEN-2 virus (Delenda et al., 1994).
• Efficacy: Sixty eight percent (P < 0.001) of mice vaccinated with 5 gg of extracellular D2EA102 protein were protected against lethal challenge (Delenda et al., 1994).

Mouse Response

• Host Strain: BALB/c
• Vaccination Protocol: BALB/c mice were immunized by i .p .inoculation of 107 p .f .u . of recombinant vaccinia virus expressing M protein (Bray and Lai, 1991).
• Challenge Protocol: The mice were challenged at age 6 weeks by intracardiac (i.c.) challenge of 100 LD50 of D4 virus, then observed 21 days for signs of encephalitis or death (Bray and Lai, 1991).
• Efficacy: Mice immunized with the recombinant virus were protected against subsequent dengue 4 encephalitis challenge (Bray and Lai, 1991).

Mouse Response

• Host Strain: BALB/c
• Vaccination Protocol: BALB/c mice were immunized by i .p .inoculation of 10^7 p .f .u . of recombinant vaccinia virus (Bray and Lai, 1991).
• Challenge Protocol: The mice were challenged at age 6 weeks by i .c challenge of 100 LD50 of D4 virus, then observed 21 days for signs of encephalitis or death (Bray and Lai, 1991).
• Efficacy: Mice immunized with the recombinant virus were protected against subsequent dengue 4 encephalitis challenge (Bray and Lai, 1991).

Mouse Response

• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000286
• Efficacy: When injected into mice, D2MEL elicited an enhanced antibody response compared to D2ME, which was further augmented by coimmunization with a plasmid expressing mouse granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Neutralizing antibodies are thought to be of paramount importance for protection against dengue disease (Raviprakash et al., 2001).

Mouse Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Male Balb/c mice, 4–6 weeks old, were intramuscularly injected in each hind limb tibialis anterior muscle with 50 μg of the pcTPANS1 or pcDNA3 plasmids dissolved in 50 μl of PBS (100 μg/dose/mice). Mice were inoculated with two DNA doses, given two weeks apart, and bled before immunization and 4 weeks after the first DNA dose (Costa et al., 2006).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Immune Response: All Balb/c mice intramuscularly inoculated with the pcTPANS1 presented high levels of NS1-specifc antibodies (Costa et al., 2006).
• Challenge Protocol: Two weeks after the second DNA dose, each immunized mouse was challenged with intracerebral inoculation with 30 μL of 4.32 log10 PFU of DENV2 (Costa et al., 2006).
• Efficacy: Vaccinated animals were challenged with intracerebral DENV-2 virus inoculations and a 100% survival was observed (Costa et al., 2006).

Mouse Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Ten 5-week-old female BALB/c mice per immunization group were inoculated three times into the quadriceps muscle with 100 μg of DENV-4-DNAv or pCI (empty vector), DENV-4 heat inactivated (1 × 10^5 PFU), or PBS. The mice were primed on day 0 and boosted 15 and 30 days after the initial inoculation (Lima et al., 2011).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Immune Response: The animals immunized with DENV-4-DNAv produced rising levels, after each vaccine inoculation, of specific neutralizing antibodies against dengue-4 virus (Lima et al., 2011).
• Challenge Protocol: Fifteen days after the third inoculation, the mice were challenged intracerebrally with a dose of 100LD50, prepared from a DENV-4-infected suckling mouse brain. Mouse mortality was monitored daily for 21 days (Lima et al., 2011).
• Efficacy: Immunization with DENV-4-DNAv induced significant protection against DENV-4 challenge, where 80% of the challenged mice survived (Lima et al., 2011).

Mouse Response

• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000286
• Efficacy: In a lethal mouse intracerebral challenge model, the vaccine provided a significant level of protection. Sixty percent of the mice immunized with the DEN DNA vaccine plus pUC 19 survived the challenge compared to only 10% in the control group that received vector plus pUC (Porter et al., 1998).

Mouse Response

• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000286
• Efficacy: Vaccinated animals were challenged against DENV-2 in two murine models, based on intracerebral (i.c.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) virus inoculations, and in both cases, pcTPANS1-immunized mice were protected (Costa et al., 2006).

Mouse Response

• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000286
• Efficacy: All pE1D2-vaccinated mice survived challenge, while 45% of animals immunized with the pE2D2 died after infection. Furthermore, only 10% of pE1D2-immunized mice presented some clinical signs of infection after challenge, whereas most of animals inoculated with the pE2D2 showed effects of the disease with high morbidity degrees (Azevedo et al., 2011).