• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004753
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
• S1 gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant vector construction
  • Description: The BacMam virus Ac-CMV-S1, which expressed the S1 glycoprotein of IBV-M41 (Zhang et al., 2014).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Preparation: BV-Dual-S1 expresses the S1 glycoprotein of IBV-M41 on the baculovirus envelope, and is capable of expressing it in mammalian cells (Zhang et al., 2014).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004535
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Chickens
• Antigen: S1, N, and M proteins of the virulent IBVSX16 strain (Yan et al., 2013)
• M membrane protein gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• N protein gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• S1 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pVAX1 prime, inactivated IBV vaccine boost (Yan et al., 2013)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004581
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Chickens
• N protein gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: pVAX1 prime, inactivated IBV vaccine boost (Guo et al., 2010)
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004584
• Type: DNA vaccine
• Status: Research
• N protein gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• S1 gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• M membrane protein gene engineering:
  • Type: DNA vaccine construction
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

Chicken Response

• Vaccination Protocol: The chickens were immunized with BV-Dual-S1 or an inactivated vaccine (Zhang et al., 2014).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Challenge Protocol: The immunized chickens were challenged with a virulent IBV-M41 (Zhang et al., 2014).
• Efficacy: A significant difference was not observed for protection rates between chickens immunized with BV-Dual-S1 (83%) or inactivated vaccine (89%) following challenge with virulent IBV-M41. Our findings show that the protective efficacy of BV-Dual-S1 could be significantly enhanced by baculovirus display technology (Zhang et al., 2014).

Chicken Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Chickens were immunized with the multivalent DNA vaccine twice and then boosted with an inactivated vaccine once (Yan et al., 2013).
• Immune Response: Antibody titers of the chickens immunized with pVAX1-16S1/M/N were much higher than those of the monovalent groups (p < 0.01) (Yan et al., 2013).
• Efficacy: A protective rate up to 90% was observed in the pVAX1-16S1/M/N group (Yan et al., 2013).

Chicken Response

• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Efficacy: Priming with a DNA vaccine encoding nucleocapsid protein (pVAX1-N) and boosting with the inactivated IBV vaccine provided up to 86.7% rate of immune protection, compared to the lack of protection seen in the PBS-immunized group, where the death rate was 66.7% (Guo et al., 2010).

Chicken Response

• Vaccination Protocol: The seven day old SPF chickens were randomly divided into six groups with 20 chickens per group. Groups 1–3 received 100 micro-g of pVAX1-S1, PVAX1-M, or pVAX1-N,
  respectively; Group 4 received 100 micro-g combined DNA vaccine containing 33 micro-g of each of the three antigen plasmids; Groups 5–6 received 100 micro-g empty pVAX1 and 0.5 ml PBS. All the chickens were immunized intramuscularly with the vaccines at seven days of age (Yang et al., 2009).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Immune Response: Anti-IBV antibody levels were detected in chickens immunized with either pVAX1-S1, pVAX1-M, pVAX1-N or the three constructs in combination. In fact, a higher antibody titer level was observed in chickens immunized with the three expression constructs in combination compared with the individual constructs, suggesting a greater potency for inducing antibody response (Yang et al., 2009).
• Challenge Protocol: All chickens were challenged with 100EID50 of the IBV SAIBk strain in 0.1 ml by a nasal-ocular route at 21 days after the boost immunization (Yang et al., 2009).
• Efficacy: Immunization with the multivalent DNA vaccine provided up to 85% immune protection in the vaccinated chickens (Yang et al., 2009).