• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004624
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Chicken
• Preparation: Viral vector vaccines using fowl poxvirus (FPV) and herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) as vectors and carrying infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) genes (Vagnozzi et al., 2012).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004756
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
• Preparation: Turkey herpesvirus vector laryngotracheitis vaccine (HVT/LT) expressing the glycoprotein B gene of laryngotracheitis virus (LTV) (Esaki et al., 2013).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004793
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
• Preparation: Viral vector vaccines using fowl poxvirus (FPV) and herpesvirus of turkey (HVT) as vectors and carrying infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) genes (Vagnozzi et al., 2012).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004744
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
• Preparation: ILTV viral vector recombinant vaccines (Johnson et al., 2010).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004680
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

Chicken Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Live-attenuated ILT vaccines were administered as a full dose, and the recombinant vectored vaccines were administered as a half dose to mimic broiler industry practices. The viral vector vaccines were administered in ovo and subcutaneously at hatch while the live-attenuated vaccines, CEO and TCO, were administered via eye drop at 14 days of age (Vagnozzi et al., 2012).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Challenge Protocol: All chickens were weighed before challenge. With the exception of the NVx-NCh group, all chickens were challenged at 35 days of age with the virulent ILTV field isolate 63140 administered in a total volume of 200 µl, 100 µl intratracheally and 50 µl via eye drop per eye (Vagnozzi et al., 2012).
• Efficacy: The FPV-LT vaccine mitigated clinical signs more effectively when administered subcutaneously than in ovo (Vagnozzi et al., 2012).

Chicken Response

• Vaccination Protocol: The chickens were vaccinated with HVT/LT by the subcutaneous route at 1 day of age (Esaki et al., 2013).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000287
• Challenge Protocol: The vaccinated chickens were challenged with virulent LTV at 7 weeks of age (Esaki et al., 2013).
• Efficacy: The majority of the vaccinated chickens (92%-100%) were protected against challenge with virulent LTV. Efficacy of HVT/LT was further evaluated in broiler chickens from a commercial source after in ovo vaccination to embryos at 18 days of incubation. After challenge with virulent LTV at 21 and 35 days of age, 67% and 87% of HVT/LT-vaccinated chickens did not develop LT clinical signs, respectively, while 100% (21 days of age) and 73% (35 days of age) of the challenge control chickens showed clinical signs of LT (Esaki et al., 2013).

Chicken Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Live-attenuated ILT vaccines were administered as a full dose, and the recombinant vectored vaccines were administered as a half dose to mimic broiler industry practices. The viral vector vaccines were administered in ovo and subcutaneously at hatch while the live-attenuated vaccines, CEO and TCO, were administered via eye drop at 14 days of age (Vagnozzi et al., 2012).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000287
• Challenge Protocol: All chickens were weighed before challenge. With the exception of the NVx-NCh group, all chickens were challenged at 35 days of age with the virulent ILTV field isolate 63140 administered in a total volume of 200 µl, 100 µl intratracheally and 50 µl via eye drop per eye (Vagnozzi et al., 2012).
• Efficacy: The chicken embryo origin vaccine provided optimal protection by significantly mitigating the disease and reducing the challenge virus in chickens vaccinated via eye drop. The viral vector vaccines, applied in ovo and subcutaneously, provided partial protection, reducing to some degree clinical signs, and challenge VIRUS replication in the trachea (Vagnozzi et al., 2012).

Chicken Response

• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0000287
• Efficacy: Both recombinant-vectored ILTV vaccines provided partial protection, thereby mitigating the disease, but did not reduce challenge virus loads in the trachea (Johnson et al., 2010).

Chicken Response

• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Efficacy: rNDV gD showed complete protection against virulent ILTV challenge (Kanabagatte et al., 2014).