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Vaccine Detail

CoronaVac
Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Name: CoronaVac
  • Target Pathogen: SARS-CoV-2
  • Target Disease: COVID-19
  • Product Name: PiCoVacc
  • Manufacturer: Sinovac Biotech Ltd
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0005142
  • Type: Inactivated or "killed" vaccine
  • Status: Clinical trial
  • Host Species for Licensed Use: Human
  • Host Species as Laboratory Animal Model: Mouse, Macaque, Rat
  • Antigen: Whole virus (Gao et al., 2020)
  • Preparation: The virus was propagated in a 50-liter culture of Vero cells using the Cell Factory system and inactivated by using β-propiolactone The virus was purified using depth filtration and two optimized steps of chromatography, yielding a highly pure preparation of PiCoVacc. (Gao et al., 2020)
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
  • Description: A purified inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus vaccine(Gao et al., 2020)
Host Response

Mouse Response

  • Host Strain: BALB/c mouse
  • Vaccination Protocol: Mice were vaccinated at day 0 and 7 with either 1.5 μg/dose, 3.0 μg/dose, or 6.0 μg/dose on both days. (Gao et al., 2020)
  • Immune Response: SARS-CoV-2 S- and RBD-specific immunoglobulin G (Ig G) developed quickly in the serum of vaccinated mice and peaked at the titer of 819,200 (>200 μg/ml) and 409,600 (>100 μg/ml), respectively, at week 6(Gao et al., 2020)
  • Description: BALB/c mice were injected with vaccine 5761 at days 0 and 7.(Gao et al., 2020)

Rat Response

  • Host Strain: Wistar
  • Vaccination Protocol: Rats were vaccinated at day 0 and 7 with either 1.5 μg/dose, 3.0 μg/dose, or 6.0 μg/dose on both days.(Gao et al., 2020)
  • Immune Response: Immune Response Description: SARS-CoV-2 S- and RBD-specific immunoglobulin G (Ig G) developed quickly in the serum of vaccinated rats and the maximum neutralizing titers reached 2,048-4,096 at week 7 (Gao et al., 2020)

Macaque Response

  • Host Strain: Rhesus macaque
  • Vaccination Protocol: Macaques were immunized three times via the intramuscular route with medium (3 μg per dose) or high doses (6 μg per dose) of PiCoVacc at day 0, 7 and 14 (n=4)(Gao et al., 2020)
  • Immune Response: . S-specific IgG and NAb were induced at week 2 and rose to ~12,800 and ~50, respectively at week 3 after vaccination in both vaccinated groups, whose titers are similar to those of serum from the recovered COVID-19 patients. NAb titer (61) in the medium dose immunized group were ~20% greater than that observed (50) in the high dose vaccinated group at week 3, removing the outlier instead have medium dose group be ~40% lower than that in the high dose group (Gao et al., 2020)
  • Side Effects: No serious pathology recorded at day 29 in vaccinated groups (Gao et al., 2020)
  • Challenge Protocol: Challenge protocol involved direct inoculation of 1e6 TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 CN1 into the animal lung through the intratracheal route at day 22 (one week after the third immunization and after immune response results were recorded) (Gao et al., 2020).
  • Efficacy: argely protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection with very mild and focal histopathological changes in a few lobes of lung, which probably were caused by a direct inoculation of 106 TCID50 of virus into the lung through intratracheal route, that needed longer time (more than one week) to recover completely (Gao et al., 2020).
References
Gao et al., 2020: Gao Q, Bao L, Mao H, Wang L, Xu K, Yang M, Li Y, Zhu L, Wang N, Lv Z, Gao H, Ge X, Kan B, Hu Y, Liu J, Cai F, Jiang D, Yin Y, Qin C, Li J, Gong X, Lou X, Shi W, Wu D, Zhang H, Zhu L, Deng W, Li Y, Lu J, Li C, Wang X, Yin W, Zhang Y, Qin C. Rapid development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2. Science (New York, N.Y.). 2020; ; . [PubMed: 32376603].