VIOLIN Logo
Virmugen Banner
Search: for Help
Virmugen Home
Introduction
Statistics
News and Updates
Virmugen Query
Virmugen Blast
Data Submission
Data Exchange
Data Download
Documentation
FAQs
Acknowledgements
Disclaimer
Contact Us
UMMS Logo

Vaccine Comparison

A. pleuropneumoniae HS93C-Ampr
Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0011385
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Antigen: A. pleuropneumoniae ApxII-activating protein, ApxIIC
  • ApxIIC gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Description: Site-specific mutagenesis of the apxIIC gene utilized the recombination plasmid pEP-CAmpr. Cesium chloride-purified pEP-CAmpr DNA was isolated from E. coli and linearized with ClaI. Following digestion, the DNA was purified by phenol-chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitated. A total of 3 μg of linearized DNA was electroporated (0.2-cm-diameter cuvettes; 400 Ω; 1.25 kV) into A. pleuropneumoniae HS93 (serovar 7, ApxII) (Prideaux et al., 1999).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Vector: A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 7 strain HS93
  • Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)
References
Prideaux et al., 1999: Prideaux CT, Lenghaus C, Krywult J, Hodgson AL. Vaccination and protection of pigs against pleuropneumonia with a vaccine strain of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae produced by site-specific mutagenesis of the ApxII operon. Infection and immunity. 1999; 67(4); 1962-1966. [PubMed: 10085043].
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae apxIA mutant vaccine
Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0002766
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • apxIA gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Description: This apxIA mutant is from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (Xu et al., 2006).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Immunization Route: intranasal immunization
References
Xu et al., 2006: Xu F, Chen X, Shi A, Yang B, Wang J, Li Y, Guo X, Blackall PJ, Yang H. Characterization and immunogenicity of an apxIA mutant of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Veterinary microbiology. 2006; 118(3-4); 230-239. [PubMed: 16930871].
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ApxIC mutant vaccine
Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0002767
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • ApxIC gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Preparation: To construct an avirulent mutant strain by inactivation of ApxI toxin, the apxIC gene of A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 10 was inactivated by inserting a chloramphenicol resistance gene cassette into the downstream XhoI site of the apxIC gene for constructing the transfer plasmid. The transfer plasmid was introduced into the electrocompetent A. pleuropneumoniae serovar 10 for homologous recombination by electroporation. The mutant strain was obtained and identified by PCR and Southern blotting (Xu et al., 2007).
  • Immunization Route: intranasal immunization
References
Xu et al., 2007: Xu FZ, Shi AH, Chen XL, Yang B, Wang JL. [Construction and immunogenicity of an attenuated mutant of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae by insertional inactivation of apxIC]. Wei sheng wu xue bao = Acta microbiologica Sinica. 2007; 47(5); 923-927. [PubMed: 18062275].
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae apxIIC and apxIVA double deletion mutant vaccine
Vaccine Information
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • ApxIIC gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • ApxIVA gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Preparation: Plasmid pENT1 was used to introduce the ΔapxIVA deletion into A. pleuropneumoniae single mutant ΔapxIIC via the single-step transconjugation system. The colonies with the correct PCR profile were confirmed by Southern blot and sequencing assays (Liu et al., 2007).
  • Immunization Route: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)
References
Liu et al., 2007: Liu J, Chen X, Lin L, Tan C, Chen Y, Guo Y, Jin M, Guo A, Bei W, Chen H. Potential use an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae double mutant strain DeltaapxIICDeltaapxIVA as live vaccine that allows serological differentiation between vaccinated and infected animals. Vaccine. 2007; 25(44); 7696-7705. [PubMed: 17767980].
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae apxIIIB and apxIIID double mutant vaccine
Vaccine Information
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • apxIIIB gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • apxIIID gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Preparation: An apxIIIBD mutant (1536∆B∆D) was selected and the correct mutation was verified by PCR using three primer pairs. The X3BD-F2 and X3BD-R2 primer pair was designed to produce products of 3720 and 4365 bps from the wild-type 1536 and 1536∆B∆D genomes, respectively (Park et al., 2009).
  • Immunization Route: intranasal immunization
References
Park et al., 2009: Park C, Ha Y, Kim S, Chae C, Ryu DY. Construction and characterization of an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 mutant lacking the Apx toxin secretion protein genes apxIIIB and apxIIID. The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science. 2009; 71(10); 1317-1323. [PubMed: 19887737].
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ureC and apxIIA double mutant deletion vaccine
Vaccine Information
  • Type: Live, attenuated vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • apxIIA gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • ureC gene engineering:
    • Type: Gene mutation
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Preparation: To construct the A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 isogenic mutant, 12 clinical isolates were tested initially with respect to their amenability to genetic manipulation via conjugation and cointegration of pBMKUΔ1 (Tonpitak et al., 2002).
  • Immunization Route: aerosol immunization
References
Tonpitak et al., 2002: Tonpitak W, Baltes N, Hennig-Pauka I, Gerlach GF. Construction of an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 prototype live negative-marker vaccine. Infection and immunity. 2002; 70(12); 7120-7125. [PubMed: 12438394].
rS.C-APP-ApxIIA
Vaccine Information
  • Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004786
  • Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
  • Status: Research
  • Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
  • apxIIA gene engineering:
    • Type: Recombinant vector construction
    • Description: A neutralizing epitope fragment of ApxIIA toxin was expressed on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Kim et al., 2010).
    • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
  • Preparation: (Kim et al., 2010) A neutralizing epitope fragment of ApxIIA toxin was expressed and immobilized on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for efficient vaccine development.
  • Immunization Route: Oral vaccination
References
Kim et al., 2010: Kim JM, Jung DI, Eom YJ, Park SM, Yoo HS, Jang YS, Yang MS, Kim DH. Surface-displayed expression of a neutralizing epitope of ApxIIA exotoxin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and oral administration of it for protective immune responses against challenge by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry. 2010; 74(7); 1362-1367. [PubMed: 20622458].