• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004763
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Baboon
• Preparation: Recombinant capripox-rinderpest vaccine (Ngichabe et al., 2002).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

• Type: Subunit vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: None
• Antigen: H protein (Kamata et al., 2001)
• H protein gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant protein preparation
  • Description: (Kamata et al., 2001)
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Preparation: The recombinant baculovirus expressed the RPV H protein as a membrane-bound protein in infected Sf21 insect cells and the protein was purified by solubilizing purified cell membranes with octylglycoside. ISCOMs incorporating the RPV H protein were produced according to a standard method. (Kamata et al., 2001)
• Immunization Route: subcutaneous injection
• Description: Rinderpest virus (RPV) ISCOM (Immune-stimulating complex) vaccine induces protection in cattle against virulent RPV challenge. (Kamata et al., 2001)

• Vaccine Ontology ID: VO_0004813
• Type: Recombinant vector vaccine
• Status: Research
• Host Species for Licensed Use: Cattle
• RPVgp5 F gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant vector construction
  • Description: The vaccine v2RVFH is a recombinant vector vaccine that expresses two proteins including the F protein from the rinderpest virus (Verardi et al., 2002).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• RPVgp6 H gene engineering:
  • Type: Recombinant protein preparation
  • Description: The vaccine v2RVFH is a recombinant vector vaccine that expresses the H protein from a rinderpest virus (Verardi et al., 2002).
  • Detailed Gene Information: Click Here.
• Vector: Vaccinia virus vector (Verardi et al., 2002)
• Preparation: The v2RVFH vaccine was prepared by using a recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine to expresses both the fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (H) genes of rinderpest virus (RPV) under strong synthetic vaccinia virus promoters (Verardi et al., 2002).
• Immunization Route: Intramuscular injection (i.m.)

Cattle Response

• Vaccination Protocol: A dose of 10^5.3 TCID50/ml of the recombinant vaccine, determined previously as an effective dose, was injected subcutaneously in the shoulder region of each animal (Ngichabe et al., 2002).
• Vaccine Immune Response Type: VO_0003057
• Challenge Protocol: Two years after vaccination, cattle were challenged with virulent RPV (Ngichabe et al., 2002).
• Efficacy: In the case of LSDV, all of 4 vaccinated cattle challenged with virulent LSDV at 2 years were completely protected from clinical disease while 2 of 5 vaccinated cattle were completely protected at 3 years. The recombinant vaccine showed no loss of potency when stored lyophylized at 4 degrees C for up to 1 year (Ngichabe et al., 2002).

Cattle Response

• Vaccination Protocol: Four Friesian cross Aberdeen Angus calves were inoculated subcutaneously with the ISCOM vaccine containing 100 mg RPV H protein in a volume of 1.0 ml. After 5 or 6 weeks, the cattle received the second vaccination with the ISCOM vaccine incorporating 50 mg RPV H protein. Three cattle were used as unvaccinated controls. (Kamata et al., 2001)
• Immune Response: Two of the four cattle developed significant levels of neutralizing antibody after the first vaccination, while after the second vaccination, high levels of neutralizing antibody were present in all four animals. Following challenge, a slight increase in antibody titers was observed in the completely protected cattle, whereas a rapid rise in antibody titer was seen in the partially protected animal. The control cattle remained antibody-negative throughout the experiment. (Kamata et al., 2001)
• Challenge Protocol: All seven animals were challenged with 104TCID50 of virulent Saudi 1/81 strain of RPV at 25 weeks or 15 weeks after the first vaccination. (Kamata et al., 2001)
• Efficacy: The three unvaccinated controls developed severe clinical signs of rinderpest, high fever, severe stomatitis and diarrhea, and were euthanized on either day 9 or 10 following challenge. In contrast, all four vaccinated cattle survived the chal- lenge. Three of the four vaccinated cattle were solidly protected from the disease and showed no clinical signs of infection throughout the experiment. The remaining animal developed a delayed and transient fever and a mild mouth erosion but quickly recovered. (Kamata et al., 2001)

Cattle Response

• Host Strain: Zebu cattle
• Vaccination Protocol: Groups of Zebu cattle (Bos indicus, 2 years old on average) vaccinated intramuscularly (1 ml) with various doses of v2RVFH at the side of the neck. Control groups were also included (Verardi et al., 2002).
• Immune Response: Intramuscular vaccination of cattle with 10^8 PFU of v2RVFH provided long-term sterilizing immunity against rinderpest (Verardi et al., 2002).
• Side Effects: The vaccine is highly safe. Animals vaccinated with v2RVFH did not develop pock lesions and did not transmit the recombinant vaccinia virus to contact animals (Verardi et al., 2002).
• Challenge Protocol: Animals were challenged subcutaneously (1 ml) at the side of the neck with 10^3 to 10^4 TCID50 of the pathogenic Kabete ‘O’ RPV; as little as 1 TCID50 of the virus administered subcutaneously induces clinical rinderpest with 100% mortality in U.S. cattle. Nasal and ocular swabs were taken at 2, 3, 4, and 7 days postchallenge from a group of NVI animals challenged at 4 weeks postvaccination. In addition, prescapular and mesenteric lymph nodes as well as lung, spleen, tonsil, kidney, and heart tissue samples were taken from animals that died following RPV challenge. RPV isolation was attempted from the collected swabs and necropsy samples in primary calf cells (kidney and testis) and Vero cells (Verardi et al., 2002).
• Efficacy: Cattle vaccinated intramuscularly with as little as 10^3 PFU of v2RVFH and challenged 1 month later with a lethal dose of RPV were completely protected from clinical disease; the 50% protective dose was determined to be 102 PFU. Animals vaccinated with v2RVFH did not develop pock lesions and did not transmit the recombinant vaccinia virus to contact animals (Verardi et al., 2002).